shader_recompiler: Check usage before enabling capabilities (#245)

* vk_instance: Better feature check

* shader_recompiler: Make most features optional

* vk_instance: Bump extension vector size

* resource_tracking_pass: Perform BFS for sharp tracking

* The Witness triggered this

src/shader_recompiler/ir/breadth_first_search.h

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <optional>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <boost/container/small_vector.hpp>
+#include <queue>
+#include "shader_recompiler/ir/value.h"
+
+namespace Shader::IR {
+
+template <typename Pred>
+auto BreadthFirstSearch(const Value& value, Pred&& pred)
+    -> std::invoke_result_t<Pred, const Inst*> {
+    if (value.IsImmediate()) {
+        // Nothing to do with immediates
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    // Breadth-first search visiting the right most arguments first
+    boost::container::small_vector<const Inst*, 2> visited;
+    std::queue<const Inst*> queue;
+    queue.push(value.InstRecursive());
+
+    while (!queue.empty()) {
+        // Pop one instruction from the queue
+        const Inst* const inst{queue.front()};
+        queue.pop();
+        if (const std::optional result = pred(inst)) {
+            // This is the instruction we were looking for
+            return result;
+        }
+        // Visit the right most arguments first
+        for (size_t arg = inst->NumArgs(); arg--;) {
+            const Value arg_value{inst->Arg(arg)};
+            if (arg_value.IsImmediate()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            // Queue instruction if it hasn't been visited
+            const Inst* const arg_inst{arg_value.InstRecursive()};
+            if (std::ranges::find(visited, arg_inst) == visited.end()) {
+                visited.push_back(arg_inst);
+                queue.push(arg_inst);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    // SSA tree has been traversed and the result hasn't been found
+    return std::nullopt;
+}
+
+} // namespace Shader::IR