Fixes and workarounds to make UBSan happier on macOS

There are still some other issues not addressed here, but it's a start.

Workarounds for false-positive reports:

- `RasterizerAccelerated`: Put a gigantic array behind a `unique_ptr`,
  because UBSan has a [hardcoded limit](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64531383/c-runtime-error-using-fsanitize-undefined-object-has-a-possibly-invalid-vp)
  of how big it thinks objects can be, specifically when dealing with
  offset-to-top values used with multiple inheritance.  Hopefully this
  doesn't have a performance impact.

- `QueryCacheBase::QueryCacheBase`: Avoid an operation that UBSan thinks
  is UB even though it at least arguably isn't.  See the link in the
  comment for more information.

Fixes for correct reports:

- `PageTable`, `Memory`: Use `uintptr_t` values instead of pointers to
  avoid UB from pointer overflow (when pointer arithmetic wraps around
  the address space).

- `KScheduler::Reload`: `thread->GetOwnerProcess()` can be `nullptr`;
  avoid calling methods on it in this case.  (The existing code returns
  a garbage reference to a field, which is then passed into
  `LoadWatchpointArray`, and apparently it's never used, so it's
  harmless in practice but still triggers UBSan.)

- `KAutoObject::Close`: This function calls `this->Destroy()`, which
  overwrites the beginning of the object with junk (specifically a free
  list pointer).  Then it calls `this->UnregisterWithKernel()`.  UBSan
  complains about a type mismatch because the vtable has been
  overwritten, and I believe this is indeed UB.  `UnregisterWithKernel`
  also loads `m_kernel` from the 'freed' object, which seems to be
  technically safe (the overwriting doesn't extend as far as that
  field), but seems dubious.  Switch to a `static` method and load
  `m_kernel` in advance.

src/video_core/query_cache.h

@@ -103,7 +103,9 @@ public:
     explicit QueryCacheBase(VideoCore::RasterizerInterface& rasterizer_,
                             Core::Memory::Memory& cpu_memory_)
         : rasterizer{rasterizer_},
-          cpu_memory{cpu_memory_}, streams{{CounterStream{static_cast<QueryCache&>(*this),
+          // Use reinterpret_cast instead of static_cast as workaround for
+          // UBSan bug (https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/59060)
+          cpu_memory{cpu_memory_}, streams{{CounterStream{reinterpret_cast<QueryCache&>(*this),
                                                           VideoCore::QueryType::SamplesPassed}}} {
         (void)slot_async_jobs.insert(); // Null value
     }